Which states have Extreme Risk laws?
21 states have adopted this policy
Extreme Risk Law
Alabama has not adopted this policy
Extreme Risk Law
Alaska has not adopted this policy
Extreme Risk Law
Arizona has not adopted this policy
Extreme Risk Law
Arkansas has not adopted this policy
Extreme Risk Law
California has adopted this policy
- Who may petition for an order?
- Law enforcement, immediate family members, employers, coworkers, teachers, roommates, people with a child in common or who have a dating relationship
Extreme Risk Law
Colorado has adopted this policy
- Who may petition for an order?
- Law enforcement, family/household members, certain medical professionals, and certain educators
Extreme Risk Law
Connecticut has adopted this policy
- Who may petition for an order?
- Law enforcement, family/household members, and medical professionals
Extreme Risk Law
Delaware has adopted this policy
- Who may petition for an order?
- Law enforcement and family members
Extreme Risk Law
Florida has adopted this policy
- Who may petition for an order?
- Law enforcement only
Extreme Risk Law
Georgia has not adopted this policy
Extreme Risk Law
Hawaii has adopted this policy
- Who may petition for an order?
- Law enforcement, family/household members, medical professionals, educators, and colleagues
Extreme Risk Law
Idaho has not adopted this policy
Extreme Risk Law
Illinois has adopted this policy
- Who may petition for an order?
- Law enforcement and family members
Extreme Risk Law
Indiana has adopted this policy
- Who may petition for an order?
- Law enforcement only
Extreme Risk Law
Iowa has not adopted this policy
Extreme Risk Law
Kansas has not adopted this policy
Extreme Risk Law
Kentucky has not adopted this policy
Extreme Risk Law
Louisiana has not adopted this policy
Extreme Risk Law
Maine has not adopted this policy
Extreme Risk Law
Maryland has adopted this policy
- Who may petition for an order?
- Law enforcement, family members, doctors, and mental health professionals
Extreme Risk Law
Massachusetts has adopted this policy
- Who may petition for an order?
- Family/household members and gun licensing authorities
Extreme Risk Law
Michigan has adopted this policy
- Who may petition for an order?
- Law enforcement, family/household members, certain health care providers
Extreme Risk Law
Minnesota has adopted this policy
- Who may petition for an order?
- Law enforcement and family members
Extreme Risk Law
Mississippi has not adopted this policy
Extreme Risk Law
Missouri has not adopted this policy
Extreme Risk Law
Montana has not adopted this policy
Extreme Risk Law
Nebraska has not adopted this policy
Extreme Risk Law
Nevada has adopted this policy
- Who may petition for an order?
- Law enforcement and family/household members
Extreme Risk Law
New Hampshire has not adopted this policy
Extreme Risk Law
New Jersey has adopted this policy
- Who may petition for an order?
- Law enforcement and family/household members
Extreme Risk Law
New Mexico has adopted this policy
- Who may petition for an order?
- Law enforcement only
Extreme Risk Law
New York has adopted this policy
- Who may petition for an order?
- Law enforcement, district attorneys, family/household members, school administrators, certain medical professionals
Extreme Risk Law
North Carolina has not adopted this policy
Extreme Risk Law
North Dakota has not adopted this policy
Extreme Risk Law
Ohio has not adopted this policy
Extreme Risk Law
Oklahoma has not adopted this policy
Extreme Risk Law
Oregon has adopted this policy
- Who may petition for an order?
- Law enforcement and family/household members
Extreme Risk Law
Pennsylvania has not adopted this policy
Extreme Risk Law
Rhode Island has adopted this policy
- Who may petition for an order?
- Law enforcement only
Extreme Risk Law
South Carolina has not adopted this policy
Extreme Risk Law
South Dakota has not adopted this policy
Extreme Risk Law
Tennessee has not adopted this policy
Extreme Risk Law
Texas has not adopted this policy
Extreme Risk Law
Utah has not adopted this policy
Extreme Risk Law
Vermont has adopted this policy
- Who may petition for an order?
- States attorneys and the Office of the Attorney General; family/household members
Extreme Risk Law
Virginia has adopted this policy
- Who may petition for an order?
- Law enforcement and Commonwealth Attorneys
Extreme Risk Law
Washington has adopted this policy
- Who may petition for an order?
- Law enforcement and family/household members
Extreme Risk Law
West Virginia has not adopted this policy
Extreme Risk Law
Wisconsin has not adopted this policy
Extreme Risk Law
Wyoming has not adopted this policy
Extreme Risk Law
| Policy adopted? | Who may petition for an order? |
|---|---|
| Alabama | — |
| Alaska | — |
| Arizona | — |
| Arkansas | — |
| California | Law enforcement, immediate family members, employers, coworkers, teachers, roommates, people with a child in common or who have a dating relationship |
| Colorado | Law enforcement, family/household members, certain medical professionals, and certain educators |
| Connecticut | Law enforcement, family/household members, and medical professionals |
| Delaware | Law enforcement and family members |
| Florida | Law enforcement only |
| Georgia | — |
| Hawaii | Law enforcement, family/household members, medical professionals, educators, and colleagues |
| Idaho | — |
| Illinois | Law enforcement and family members |
| Indiana | Law enforcement only |
| Iowa | — |
| Kansas | — |
| Kentucky | — |
| Louisiana | — |
| Maine | — |
| Maryland | Law enforcement, family members, doctors, and mental health professionals |
| Massachusetts | Family/household members and gun licensing authorities |
| Michigan | Law enforcement, family/household members, certain health care providers |
| Minnesota | Law enforcement and family members |
| Mississippi | — |
| Missouri | — |
| Montana | — |
| Nebraska | — |
| Nevada | Law enforcement and family/household members |
| New Hampshire | — |
| New Jersey | Law enforcement and family/household members |
| New Mexico | Law enforcement only |
| New York | Law enforcement, district attorneys, family/household members, school administrators, certain medical professionals |
| North Carolina | — |
| North Dakota | — |
| Ohio | — |
| Oklahoma | — |
| Oregon | Law enforcement and family/household members |
| Pennsylvania | — |
| Rhode Island | Law enforcement only |
| South Carolina | — |
| South Dakota | — |
| Tennessee | — |
| Texas | — |
| Utah | — |
| Vermont | States attorneys and the Office of the Attorney General; family/household members |
| Virginia | Law enforcement and Commonwealth Attorneys |
| Washington | Law enforcement and family/household members |
| West Virginia | — |
| Wisconsin | — |
| Wyoming | — |
Show Citations and Footnotes
Source: Cal. Penal Code §§ 18100—18205; Colo. Rev. Stat. §§ 13-14.5-101—13-14.5-114; Conn. Gen. Stat. § 29-38c; Del. Code Ann. tit. 10, §§ 7701—7709; Fla. Stat. § 790.401; Haw. Rev. Stat. §§ 134-61—134-72.; 430 Ill. Comp. Stat. §§ 67/1—67/85; Ind. Code §§ 35-47-14-1—35-47-14-13.; Md. Code Ann., Pub. Safety §§ 5-601—5-610.; Mass. Gen. Laws ch. 140, §§ 121, 129B(C), 131(C), 131R-Z; Michigan Senate Bill 83 (2023); Minn. Stat. § 624.7171, et. seq.; Nev. Rev. Stat. §§ 33.500—33.670.; N.J. Stat. Ann. §§ 2C:58-20—2C:58-32; N.M. Stat. Ann. §§ 40-17-1, —40-17-13; N.Y. C.P.L.R. §§ 6340—6347; Or. Rev. Stat. §§ 166.525—166.543; 8 R.I. Gen. Laws §§ 8-8.3-1—8-8.3-14; Vt. Stat. Ann. tit. 13, §§ 4051—4061; Va. Code Ann. §§ 19.2-152.13—19.2-152.17; RCW 7.105. Connecticut: Swanson J. and et al. “Implementation and Effectiveness of Connecticut’s Risk-Based Gun Removal Law: Does it Prevent Suicides?”Law and Contemporary Problems. (2017). https://scholarship.law.duke.edu/lcp/vol80/iss2/8 Indiana: Kivisto A. J., & Phalen P. L. “Effects of Risk-Based Firearm Seizure Laws in Connecticut and Indiana on Suicide Rates, 1981–2015”. Psychiatric Services. (2018). https://bit.ly/2PJaFiQ